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Consider electric at replacement time
Electric vehicles remove tailpipe emissions, while electricity and manufacturing still have impacts.
What changes the result
Compare the full lifecycle for the vehicle, mileage and local grid.
Plan for a replacement or renovation. Check suitability, permission and local advice before buying.
References in the original project +
ICCT (2021); Knobloch et al. (2020) Nature Sustainability
These bibliographic references come from the original cards. They provide context; they do not validate every numerical assumption below.
