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Compare energy use when replacing an appliance
An efficient replacement can reduce operating energy.
What changes the result
Compare actual annual consumption, useful life and manufacturing rather than replacing working equipment automatically.
Plan for a replacement or renovation. Check suitability, permission and local advice before buying.
References in the original project +
US EPA ENERGY STAR (2023); IEA (2022)
These bibliographic references come from the original cards. They provide context; they do not validate every numerical assumption below.
