Illustrated comparison inspired by the place and case. Conceptual scenes, not a photographic before and after.
How the change works
- 01 / Public decision
Diplomacy and protection of services
- 02 / Physical change
Less destruction and contamination
- 03 / Possible outcome
Protected water, habitat and infrastructure
Preventing violence and protecting infrastructure and habitat avoids destruction, contamination and part of the emissions related to reconstruction.
Research and local documents ↓What the evidence tells us
A dedicated assessment estimates almost 237 million tons of CO₂ equivalent attributable to the first three years of the Russian invasion, from February 2022 to February 2025, including prospective components of reconstruction.
Conditions and limits
It is an estimate with boundaries and uncertainties, not a complete measured inventory. It does not show a ranking between war and all other sources of pollution, nor does it quantify the effect of a single vote.
Other possible benefits
Protection of life, health and livelihoods.
Research and local documents
- Evidence for this findingInitiative on GHG Accounting of War · full assessment 2022—2025 ↗
A dedicated assessment estimates almost 237 million tons of CO₂ equivalent attributable to the first three years of the Russian invasion, from February 2022 to February 2025, including prospective components of reconstruction.
- Local project or policy documentOHCHR · Monitoring mission to Ukraine, December 2025—May 2026 ↗
It documents attacks and damage to energy infrastructure; it is not the source of the 2022—2025 climate estimate.